Periodontology is a branch of dentistry that examines the diagnosis and treatment of gum diseases. Gum diseases refer to infections and inflammations that affect the supporting tissues around the teeth.

Periodontology is a specialized field that requires expertise in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of gum diseases. These diseases can occur as a result of the periodontal tissues around the teeth (gums, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone) becoming diseased. Gum diseases manifest themselves with symptoms such as early-stage gum bleeding, gum recession, and gum swelling, and can lead to tooth loss in later stages.

Periodontists use clinical examinations, X-rays, and other diagnostic tests for the diagnosis of gum diseases. Treatment methods may include tooth cleaning, scaling and root planing, gum surgery, bone grafts, and implant applications. Periodontists also teach preventive measures such as brushing teeth, flossing, and oral hygiene. In this way, preventing gum diseases or early diagnosis can help prevent tooth loss.